Behold, Kenya’s dictatorial party monarchs!

ruto raila

President William Ruto (right) shakes hands with Orange Democratic Movement (ODM) Party Leader Raila Odinga on stage during the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between ODM and United Democratic Alliance (UDA) at the Kenyatta International Conference Centre (KICC) on March 07, 2025.

Photo credit: Francis Nderitu | Nation Media Group

Kenya’s 2010 Constitution attempted, among other reforms, to turn the imperial presidency into an office operating within constitutional and statutory order.

The imperial presidency was a creature of the post-independence period. Immediately after gaining independence in 1963, Jomo Kenyatta, the Prime Minister, was only the first-among-equals.