What is behind east Congo’s M23 escalating insurgency?

Monusco soldiers stand guard at a location in North Kivu, Democratic Republic of Congo, in this handout picture released on January 26, 2025.

Photo credit: Monusco via Reuters

An insurgency led by M23 rebels in east Democratic Republic of Congo has escalated and reached the city of Goma, worsening a humanitarian crisis in a region that suffered two devastating wars between 1996 and 2003.

Here is some background on the conflict.